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| − | [[Image:Food_market.jpg|350px|right]]Many people believe that we are soon to face a global food shortage. Population is rising rapidly, with a billion people added in less than ten years, and rainforests must be cut down to make room for more farming to grow food for these people. Meanwhile, 40% of farming land has been {{wp|Land_degradation|depleted}}. People are moving from farms into cities at the rate of over a million a week <sup>[http://www.makingcitieswork.org/toolsAndResources/urbanResources/urban101]</sup>, and their appetite for meat is growing<sup>[http://oecdinsights.org/2010/02/19/cashing-in-on-cows/]</sup>. These trends means that food demand is rising, but there are fewer farmers to supply it. It would indeed seem that we are heading for a food crisis. | + | [[Image:Food.gif|180px|right]]Many people believe that we are soon to face a global food shortage. Population is rising rapidly, with a billion people added in less than ten years. 40% of farming land has been {{wp|Land_degradation|depleted}} and rainforests have been cut down to make more room for farming. Farmers are moving into cities at the rate of over a million a week <sup>[http://www.makingcitieswork.org/toolsAndResources/urbanResources/urban101]</sup>, and our appetite for meat is growing<sup>[http://oecdinsights.org/2010/02/19/cashing-in-on-cows/]</sup>. These trends means that food demand is rising, but there are fewer farmers to supply it, while the basis of our agricultural production is under strain. It would indeed seem that we are heading for a food crisis. |
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| − | But this analysis misses a key point: that there are far more efficient ways to produce food than the ones now in wide use. Any food shortage is really a shortage of applying [[Fundamental resources/Human intelligence|know-how]] to food production. In the case of soil depletion, for example, while it is true that certain farming methods deplete soil, there are other methods (like permaculture, discussed below) that rapidly and reliably increase the fertility of the soil. | + | But this story misses a key point: there are far better ways to produce food than the ones now in wide use. While it is true that conventional plough agriculture and monoculture is driving the world towards a food crisis, there are ways to grow food using very little land, very little labour and no pollution. The aim of this page is to explore these methods and show how they can comfortably sustain a growing population. Any food shortage is really a shortage of applying this [[Fundamental resources/Human intelligence|know-how]] to food production. |
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| − | As for our growing appetite for meat: the argument is that it requires 16 kilos of grain to produce one kilo of beef, so to preserve food and avoid a food crisis, we must all become vegetarian <sup>[http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/national/global-food-shortage-fear/story-e6frf7l6-1111115339654]</sup>. This makes the assumption that cows must be fed grain. Cows eat grass. Grass is not edible by humans, so no useful food resources are being wasted, and beef from grass-fed cows has a better nutritional profile than from grain-fed animals<sup>[http://www.nwhealth.edu/healthyu/eatWell/grassfed.html]</sup>. Similar logic applies to other kinds of meat.
| + | It is possible, with current know-how, to create a food-production system that can provide tens of billions of people with abundant, local, nutritious, tasty food, textiles and wood, while economizing water, restoring soil, building communities, saving energy, creating pleasing landscapes, preserving wilderness, stopping diseases, needing virtually no inputs and benefiting not just people, but the rest of the biosphere as well. |
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| − | This planet has 31.8 trillion m<sup>2</sup>, of {{wp|Arable_land|fertile land}}. (Though this can be greatly expanded if necessary by irrigating deserts.) However, improving food supply has much more to do with increasing the yield of existing farmland than creating new farmland <sup>[http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/35686/icode/]</sup>. To increase the carrying capacity of Spaceship Earth, we need to move from low-yield agriculture to high-yield agriculture. How to do this is the subject of the rest of this article.
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| − | Taking a pessimistic estimate, each person requires 400m<sup>2</sup> of farmland if high-yield techniques are used. This means our 31.8 trillion m<sup>2</sup> would grow enough food for 79.5 billion people, well over ten times the current world population. (And this does not even factor in the more efficient controlled-environment methods discussed below.)
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| − | [[Decentralization|Decentralized]] food production would mean a reduction in transport costs and would preserve the freshness and nutritional value of our food and eliminate the need for preservatives, energy-expensive refrigeration and food storage. Most importantly, it would ensure {{wp|Food_security|food security}}; no one would starve due to the inefficiency and injustice of the distribution of our food-resources. While this article gives suggestions on increasing food yields, we already have enough food to feed everyone on the planet <sup>[http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm]</sup>. The problem, unsurprisingly, is distributing it. Growing food in many small farms and greenhouses, so that no one is far from a source of food, will go a long way to solving the distribution problem.
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| − | Traditional methods of decentralized food production are rather labour-intensive. For many people, growing their own food is a very enjoyable and rewarding sort of labour that they willingly devote their energies to. Others would like the option of avoiding this labour. For those folk, it is now possible to [[Advanced automation|automate]] food production (see below).
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Latest revision as of 02:09, 18 April 2012
Many people believe that we are soon to face a global food shortage. Population is rising rapidly, with a billion people added in less than ten years. 40% of farming land has been
depleted 
and rainforests have been cut down to make more room for farming. Farmers are moving into cities at the rate of over a million a week
[1], and our appetite for meat is growing
[2]. These trends means that food demand is rising, but there are fewer farmers to supply it, while the basis of our agricultural production is under strain. It would indeed seem that we are heading for a food crisis.
But this story misses a key point: there are far better ways to produce food than the ones now in wide use. While it is true that conventional plough agriculture and monoculture is driving the world towards a food crisis, there are ways to grow food using very little land, very little labour and no pollution. The aim of this page is to explore these methods and show how they can comfortably sustain a growing population. Any food shortage is really a shortage of applying this know-how to food production.
It is possible, with current know-how, to create a food-production system that can provide tens of billions of people with abundant, local, nutritious, tasty food, textiles and wood, while economizing water, restoring soil, building communities, saving energy, creating pleasing landscapes, preserving wilderness, stopping diseases, needing virtually no inputs and benefiting not just people, but the rest of the biosphere as well.
